WHAT IS Wi-Fi:
Wi-Fi Or Wireless Fidelity Refers To A Wireless Lan Technology That Is Developed Based On IEEE 802.11a/B/G Or The Recently Ratified IEEE 802.11n. Wi-Fi Is Commonly Used In A Star Configuration With A Wireless Access Point Or Wireless Router As A Central Connection Point That Connects All Computers (Palmtop, Laptop, Desktop) Or Other Wi-Fi Enabled Devices Together, Connects The Wireless Network To A Wired Network, And Connects The Wireless Network To The Internet. A Wireless Network That Connects Via A Wireless Access Point Or A Wireless Router Works In Infrastructure Mode.
Wi-Fi Also Allows Communications Directly From One Computer To Another Without An Access Point Intermediary. This Is Called Ad Hoc Wi-Fi Transmission. This Wireless Ad Hoc Network Mode Has Proven Popular With Multiplayer Handheld Game Consoles, Such As The Nintendo DS, Playstation Portable, Digital Cameras, And Other Consumer Electronics Devices.
Similarly, The Wi-Fi Alliance Promotes A Specification Called Wi-Fi Direct For File Transfers And Media Sharing Through A New Discovery- And curity-Methodology
On The Other Hand, A Wireless Network In Which Computers Link Directly To One Another Without An Access Point Works In Ad Hoc Mode. A Wi-Fi Ad Hoc Network Typically Consists Of Two Wi-Fi-Enabled Computers. However, Some Wi-Fi Network Adapters Allow More Than Two Computers To Be Connected In An Ad Hoc Network.
A Wi-Fi Ad Hoc Network Functions Just Like Wi-Fi Network In Infrastructure Mode. It Can Be Used To Share Files, Folders, Drives, Printer, Etc. It Can Also Be Used For Sharing An Internet Connection Or Play A Networked Game.
Wi-Fi Allows Cheaper Deployment Of Local Area Networks (LANs). Also Spaces Where Cables Cannot Be Run, Such As Outdoor Areas And Historical Buildings, Can Host Wireless Lans. Manufacturers Are Building Wireless Network Adapters Into Most Laptops. The Price Of Chipsets For Wi-Fi Continues To Drop, Making It An Economical Networking Option Included In Even More Devices.
Different Competitive Brands Of Access Points And Client Network-Interfaces Can Inter-Operate At A Basic Level Of Service. Products Designated As "Wi-Fi Certified" By The Wi-Fi Alliance Are Backwards Compatible. Unlike Mobile Phones, Any Standard Wi-Fi Device Will Work Anywhere In The World.
The Current Version Of Wi-Fi Protected Access Encryption (WPA2) As Of 2010 Is Widely Considered Secure, Provided Users Employ A Strong Passphrase. New Protocols For Quality-Of-Service (WMM) Make Wi-Fi More Suitable For Latency-Sensitive Applications (Such As Voice And Video); And Power Saving Mechanisms (WMM Power Save) Improve Battery Operation.
Spectrum Assignments And Operational Limitations Are Not Consistent Worldwide: Most Of Europe Allows For An Additional Two Channels Beyond Those Permitted In The US For The 2.4 Ghz Band (1–13 Vs. 1–11), While Japan Has One More On Top Of That (1–14). Europe, As Of 2007, Was Essentially Homogeneous In This Respect.
A Wi-Fi Signal Occupies Five Channels In The 2.4 Ghz Band; Any Two Channels Whose Channel Numbers Differ By Five Or More, Such As 2 And 7, Do Not Overlap. The Oft-Repeated Adage That Channels 1, 6, And 11 Are The Only Non-Overlapping Channels Is, Therefore, Not Accurate; Channels 1, 6, And 11 Are The Only Group Of Three Non-Overlapping Channels In The U.S.
PREPARATION :
AD HOC SETUP ON THE FIRST COMPUTER (1)
AD HOC SETUP ON THE FIRST COMPUTER (2)
AD HOC SETUP ON THE SECOND COMPUTER
INTERNET CONNECTION SHARING (ICS) SETUP
WHAT SHOULD DO FOR CONNECTING / TROUBLESHOOTING:
1. Check Your Wi-Fi Network Adapter Standards: 802.11a Adapter Can Only Work With Another 802.11a Adapter, While 802.11b Adapter Is Compatible With 802.11g Adapter And 802.11n Is Backward Compatible With All Previous Versions. When Connecting Two Computers With Different Adapter Version, The Connection Speed Will Fall To The Slowest Of Both.
2. If Your Computer Uses An External Wi-Fi Adapter (USB Dongle Or Pc Card), Plug Or Insert The Adapter Into Each Computer. Before You Plug Or Insert A New Adapter/Dongle For The First Time, You'll Have To Install Your Wireless Network Adapter Driver, Usually Came In A CD Or Stored In The Dongle (Since Today USB Dongle Also Functions As A Flash Drive). If Your Computer Has A Built-In WI-FI Radio, You Must Activate It By Switching An On/Off Button Or Via The Software Utility That Came With It.
3. Depending On Whether You'll Connect At A Private Room Or In A Public Space And The Confidentiality Of Your Communication, Determine A Suitable Encryption Scheme: No Encryption At All (Not Recommended), Wep, Wpa, Or Wpa2. Both Network Adapters Must Support The Same Encryption System And Be Configured With The Same Encryption Key Accordingly For This Ad Hoc Connection.
4. Place Your Computers Within Range Of The Wireless Signal. Typically, Less Than 50 Meters Indoor. Check Your Network Adapter Documentation To Find Your Wireless Adapter Coverage Or View The Signal Strength Of A Detected Wireless Signal During Setup.
5. For Maximum Transmission, Avoid Placing Your Computers Near Metal Barriers Or Other Possible Sources Of Interference (E.G. Cordless Phone, Microwave Oven, Active Bluetooth Devices).
6. You Must Make Sure That Both Wireless Network Adapters Support Ad Hoc (Peer-To-Peer) Networking And Windows Xp's Wireless Zero Configuration (Wzc) Service. If Wzc Is Not Allowed On Your Adapters, You Can't Do The Step-By-Step Instructions In The Following Pages. But You Have To Use The Utility (Software) That Came With Your Adapters To Create An Ad-Hoc Network.
7. To Allow File/Folder/Drive And Printer Sharing, You Must Allow File/Printer Sharing In Windows Firewall Or Open The Relevant Ports In Other Firewall Software. Also Name Each Computer With A Unique Name And Give Both The Same Workgroup Name. To Do This, Right-Click On My Computer Icon, Click Properties To Open System Properties. On Computer Name Tab, Click Change. You Will Be Asked To Restart Your Computer After Making The Change.
GETTING Wi-Fi CONNECTED :
1. Find The Wireless Network Icon On Your Computer (On Windows, You'll Find An Icon That Looks Like 2nd Computers Or A Set Of Bars In Your Taskbar On The Bottom Right Of Your Screen; Macs Will Have A Wireless Symbol In The Top Right).
2. View Available Wi-Fi Networks By Either Right-Clicking The Icon And Selecting "View Available Wireless Networks" (Windows XP) Or Clicking The Icon And Selecting To "Connect Or Disconnect..." (Windows Vista). On Mac OS X And Windows 7, All You Have To Do Is Click On The Wi-Fi Icon To See The List Of Available Networks.
3. Choose The Network To Connect To By Clicking The "Connect" Button (Or Just Selecting It On Win7/Mac).
4. Enter The Security Key -- If The Wireless Network Is Encrypted (With WEP, WPA Or WPA2), You'll Be Prompted To Enter The Network Password Or Passphrase. This Will Be Stored For You For Next Time, So You'll Only Have To Enter It Once.
5. On Windows 7, Select The Type Of Network This Is -- Windows 7 Automatically Sets Up Security For Different Network Location Types (Home, Work, Or Public).
6. Start Browsing Or Sharing! You Should Now Be Connected To The Wi-Fi Network; Open Your Browser And Visit A Website To Confirm.
NOTE :
1. Make Sure You Have A Firewall And Updated Antivirus Software Especially If You're Accessing A Public Wi-Fi Hotspot. Open Or Unsecured Wireless Networks Are Not Safe At All.
2. In Windows XP, Make Sure You Have Updated To SP3 So You Have The Latest WPA2 Security Drivers.
3. Some Wireless Networks Are Set Up To Hide Their SSID (Or Network Name); If You Don't Find The Wi-Fi Network In Your List, Ask Someone At The Establishment For The SSID Information.
4. If You Are Able To Connect To The Network But Not The Internet, Make Sure Your Network Adapter Is Set To Automatically Get Its IP Address From The Router Or Try Other Wireless Troubleshooting Tips.
5. If You Can't Find The Wireless Network Icon, Try Going To Your Control Panel (Or System Settings) And The Network Connections Section Then Right-Clicking On The Wireless Network Connection To "View Available Wireless Networks". If The Wireless Network You're Looking For Isn't In The List, You Can Manually Add It By Going To The Wireless Network Connection Properties As Above And Clicking On The Selection To Add A Network. On Macs, Click On The Wireless Icon, Then "Join Another Network...". You'll Have To Enter The Network Name (SSID) And The Security Information (E.G., WPA Password).
CONCLUSION:
The Goal Of This Article Is To Give An Easy Way To Understand The "WI-FI CONNECTION". Hope This Article Will Help. Thank You And Best Of Luck.
This Article Written Author By: Premakumar Thevathasan. CCNA, CCNP, CCIP, MCSE, MCSA, MCSA - MSG, CIW Security Analyst, CompTIA Certified A+.
DISCLAIMER:
This Document Carries No Explicit Or Implied Warranty. Nor Is There Any Guarantee That The Information Contained In This Document Is Accurate. Every Effort Has Been Made To Make All Articles As Complete And As Accurate As Possible.
It Is Offered In The Hopes Of Helping Others, But You Use It At Your Own Risk. The Author Will Not Be Liable For Any Special, Incidental, Consequential Or Indirect Any Damages Due To Loss Of Data Or Any Other Reason That Occur As A Result Of Using This Document. But No Warranty Or Fitness Is Implied. The Information Provided Is On An "As Is" Basic. All Use Is Completely At Your Own Risk.
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